1. Ike ịgba ọkụ
Ọ na-esiri ike ịchacha ihe ndị dị na seramiiki na seramiiki, seramiiki na ígwè. Ọtụtụ n'ime ihe ndị e ji agbaze ihe na-akpụ bọọlụ n'elu seramiiki, na-enweghị mmiri ma ọ bụ na-enweghị mmiri. Ọ dị mfe ịmepụta ọtụtụ ihe ndị na-agbawa agbawa (dịka carbide, silicides na ternary ma ọ bụ multivariate compounds) na njikọ nkwonkwo n'oge brazing. Ọdịdị nke ihe ndị a na-emetụta ihe ndị dị na njikọ ahụ. Na mgbakwunye, n'ihi nnukwu ọdịiche nke ihe ndị na-eme ka okpomọkụ gbasaa n'etiti seramiiki, metal na solder, a ga-enwe nrụgide fọdụrụ na nkwonkwo ahụ mgbe okpomọkụ brazing ahụ jụrụ oyi ruo okpomọkụ ụlọ, nke nwere ike ibute mgbawa nkwonkwo.
Enwere ike ime ka mmiri nke ihe e ji agbaze ihe n'elu seramiiki ka mma site n'itinye ihe ndị na-arụ ọrụ na ihe e ji agbaze ihe nkịtị; Okpomọkụ dị ala na obere oge brazing nwere ike ibelata mmetụta nke mmeghachi omume interface; Enwere ike ibelata nrụgide okpomọkụ nke nkwonkwo site n'ịmepụta ụdị nkwonkwo kwesịrị ekwesị na iji otu ma ọ bụ ọtụtụ akwa dị ka akwa etiti.
2. Ihe na-agbaze
A na-ejikọkarị seramiiki na ígwè n'ime ọkụ ikuku ma ọ bụ hydrogen na argon. Na mgbakwunye na njirimara izugbe, ọla ndị na-ejupụta brazing maka ngwaọrụ eletrọniki vacuum kwesịkwara inwe ụfọdụ ihe pụrụ iche achọrọ. Dịka ọmụmaatụ, ihe na-agbanye brazing ekwesịghị ịnwe ihe ndị na-emepụta nrụgide vacuum dị elu, ka ọ ghara ibute ntapu dielectric na nsị cathode nke ngwaọrụ. A na-akọwakarị na mgbe ngwaọrụ ahụ na-arụ ọrụ, nrụgide vapor nke ihe na-agbanye brazing agaghị agafe 10-3pa, ihe ruru unyi nrụgide vapor dị elu agaghị agafe 0.002% ~ 0.005%; w (o) nke ihe na-agbanye brazing agaghị agafe 0.001%, iji zere vapor mmiri a na-emepụta n'oge brazing na hydrogen, nke nwere ike ibute mgbawa nke ihe na-agbaze agbaze metal; Na mgbakwunye, ihe na-agbanye brazing ga-adị ọcha ma ghara inwe oxides dị n'elu.
Mgbe a na-eme brazing mgbe a na-eme metallization seramiiki, enwere ike iji ọla kọpa, ntọala, ọla kọpa ọlaọcha, ọla kọpa ọlaedo na ọla ndị ọzọ na-ejupụta ihe mkpuchi alloy.
Maka brazing kpọmkwem nke seramiiki na ọla, a ga-ahọrọ ọla ndị na-eme brazing nwere ihe ndị na-arụ ọrụ Ti na Zr. Ọla ndị na-eme brazing bụ Ti Cu na Ti Ni, nke enwere ike iji na 1100 ℃. N'ime ihe na-eme ternary, Ag Cu Ti (W) (TI) bụ ihe na-eme ka ihe na-eme ka ihe na-eme ka ihe na-eme ka ihe na-eme ka ihe na-eme ka ihe na-eme ka ihe na-eme ka ihe na-eme ka ihe na-eme ka ihe na-eme ka ihe na-eme ka ihe na-eme ka ihe na-eme ka ihe na-eme ka ihe na-eme ka ihe na-eme ka ihe na-eme ka ihe na-eme ka ihe na-eme ka ihe na-eme ka ihe na-eme ka ihe na-eme ka ihe na-eme ka ihe na-eme ka ihe na-eme ka ihe na-eme ka ihe na-eme ka ihe na-eme ka ihe na-eme ka ihe na-eme ka ihe na-eme ka ihe na-eme ka ihe ghara ịdị mma. Ọla ndị na-eme brazing nke B-ti49be2 nwere ike iguzogide nchara ígwè na-anaghị agba nchara na nrụgide ikuku dị ala. Ọ nwere ike ịhọrọ ya nke ọma na nkwonkwo mkpuchi ikuku na-enweghị oxidation na nkwụsị mmiri. Ọla ndị na-eme ti-v-cr, okpomọkụ agbaze bụ nke kacha ala (1620 ℃) mgbe w (V) bụ 30%, mgbakwunye nke Cr nwekwara ike ibelata oke okpomọkụ agbaze nke ọma. Ejirila ihe na-agbaze B-ti47.5ta5 nke na-enweghị Cr mee ihe maka ịcha alumina na magnesium oxide ozugbo, njikọ ya nwekwara ike ịrụ ọrụ na okpomọkụ gburugburu nke 1000 ℃. Tebụl 14 na-egosi mmụba na-arụ ọrụ maka njikọ kpọmkwem n'etiti seramiiki na ígwè.
Tebụl 14 ọla ndị na-eji brazing arụ ọrụ maka brazing seramiiki na ígwè
2. Teknụzụ ịme brazing
A pụrụ ịkụnye seramiiki e ji ígwè rụọ n'ime ebe ikuku na-adịghị ọcha nke nwere oke ikuku, hydrogen ma ọ bụ ikuku na-anaghị agba nchara. A na-ejikarị brazing vacuum eme brazing ozugbo na seramiiki na-enweghị metal.
(1) Usoro brazing zuru ụwa ọnụ Usoro brazing zuru ụwa ọnụ nke seramiiki na ígwè nwere ike kewaa ụzọ asaa: nhicha elu, mkpuchi mado, metallization elu seramiiki, nickel plating, brazing na nyocha mgbe weld gasịrị.
Ebumnuche nke nhicha elu bụ iwepụ ntụpọ mmanụ, ntụpọ ọsụsọ na ihe nkiri oxide n'elu ígwè ntọala. A ga-ebu ụzọ tee akụkụ ígwè na ihe e ji agbaze ihe, wee wepụ ihe nkiri oxide site na ịsacha acid ma ọ bụ alkali, saa ya na mmiri na-asọ asọ ma kpọọ nkụ. A ga-eji ọkụ gwọọ akụkụ ndị nwere oke mkpa n'ime ọkụ ikuku ma ọ bụ ọkụ hydrogen (enwere ike iji usoro bọmbụ ion) na okpomọkụ na oge kwesịrị ekwesị iji mee ka elu akụkụ ndị ahụ dị ọcha. Akụkụ ndị e ji aka mee agaghị emetụ ihe ndị e ji mmanụ ma ọ bụ aka gba ọtọ aka. A ga-etinye ha ozugbo n'ime usoro na-esote ma ọ bụ n'ime igwe nkụ. A gaghị ekpughe ha n'ikuku ruo ogologo oge. A ga-eji acetone na ultrasonic hichaa akụkụ seramiiki, saa ya na mmiri na-asọ asọ, ma mechaa sie ya ugboro abụọ na mmiri e ji ion mee maka nkeji iri na ise oge ọ bụla.
Mkpuchi mado bụ usoro dị mkpa nke imepụta metal seramiiki. Mgbe a na-etinye ya n'elu seramiiki, a na-etinye ya na igwe mkpuchi ahịhịa ma ọ bụ mado ka ọ kpụọ metal. Ọkpụrụkpụ mkpuchi ahụ na-abụkarị 30 ~ 60mm. A na-esikarị n'ime ntụ ntụ ígwè dị ọcha akwadebe mado ahụ (mgbe ụfọdụ a na-etinye oxide metal kwesịrị ekwesị) ya na nha ihe dị ka 1 ~ 5um na ihe na-eme ka ọ dị nro.
A na-eziga akụkụ seramiiki e ji mado mee ya n'ime ọkụ hydrogen ma jiri hydrogen mmiri ma ọ bụ ammonia gbawara agbawa mee ya na okpomọkụ 1300 ~ 1500 ℃ maka nkeji 30 ~ 60. Maka akụkụ seramiiki e ji hydrides kpuchie, a ga-ekpo ha ọkụ ruo ihe dị ka 900 ℃ iji gbazee hydrides ahụ ma meghachi omume na metal ma ọ bụ titanium (ma ọ bụ zirconium) fọdụrụ n'elu seramiiki ahụ iji nweta mkpuchi ígwè n'elu seramiiki ahụ.
Maka oyi akwa ígwè Mo Mn, iji mee ka ọ dị mmiri mmiri site na iji ihe e ji agbaze ihe, a ga-etinye oyi akwa nickel nke 1.4 ~ 5um ma ọ bụ kpuchie ya na oyi akwa ntụ nickel. Ọ bụrụ na okpomọkụ brazing dị ala karịa 1000 ℃, a ga-etinye oyi akwa nickel ahụ na ọkụ hydrogen. Okpomọkụ na oge nke sintering bụ 1000 ℃ /15 ~ 20 nkeji.
Seramiiki ndị a gwọrọ agwọ bụ akụkụ ígwè, nke a ga-eji ígwè anaghị agba nchara ma ọ bụ graphite na ihe e ji seramiiki mee ka ọ bụrụ otu. A ga-etinye ihe e ji solder mee n'ebe a na-ejikọ ihe, a ga-edebekwa ihe e ji arụ ọrụ ahụ ọcha n'oge ọrụ ahụ, aka agaghịkwa emetụ ya aka.
A ga-eji ọkụ argon, hydrogen ma ọ bụ vacuum mee brazing. Okpomọkụ brazing dabere na ígwè e ji eme brazing. Iji gbochie mgbawa nke akụkụ seramiiki, ọsọ oyi agaghị adị oke ngwa ngwa. Na mgbakwunye, brazing nwekwara ike itinye nrụgide ụfọdụ (ihe dị ka 0.49 ~ 0.98mpa).
Na mgbakwunye na nyocha mma elu, a ga-enyochakwa ihe ndị e ji agbaze agbaze na ihe ndị e ji eme ihe. A ga-anwalekwa akụkụ mkpuchi maka ngwaọrụ vacuum dịka iwu ndị dị mkpa si dị.
(2) Brazing ozugbo mgbe ị na-agba brazing ozugbo (usoro ígwè na-arụ ọrụ), buru ụzọ hichaa elu nke seramiiki na ígwè, wee chịkọta ha. Iji zere mgbawa nke ihe dị iche iche na-akpata site na ọnụọgụ mgbasa okpomọkụ dị iche iche nke ihe mejupụtara, enwere ike ịtụgharị oyi akwa nchekwa (otu ma ọ bụ karịa oyi akwa nke mpempe ígwè) n'etiti njikọta. A ga-ejikọ ígwè ihe na-ejupụta brazing n'etiti njikọta abụọ ma ọ bụ tinye ya n'ọnọdụ ebe oghere ahụ jupụtara na ígwè ihe na-ejupụta brazing ruo n'ókè o kwere mee, wee mee brazing dị ka brazing nkịtị.
Ọ bụrụ na ejiri ihe e ji agbaze Ag Cu Ti mee ihe maka ịgbaze ọkụ ozugbo, a ga-eji usoro ịgbaze ọkụ. Mgbe ogo oghere dị n'ime ọkụ ahụ ruru 2.7 × Malite ikpo ọkụ na 10-3pa, okpomọkụ ahụ nwekwara ike ịrị elu ngwa ngwa n'oge a; Mgbe okpomọkụ dị nso n'ebe agbaze nke ihe e ji agbaze ọkụ ahụ, a ga-ebuli okpomọkụ ahụ nwayọ nwayọ iji mee ka okpomọkụ nke akụkụ niile nke ihe e ji agbaze ọkụ ahụ bụrụ otu; Mgbe agbazere ihe e ji agbaze ọkụ ahụ, a ga-ebuli okpomọkụ ahụ ngwa ngwa ruo na okpomọkụ ịgbaze ọkụ ahụ, oge njide ahụ ga-abụkwa nkeji 3 ~ 5; N'oge oyi, a ga-ajụ ya nwayọ nwayọ tupu 700 ℃, a pụkwara ịjụ ya oyi site n'okike na ọkụ ahụ mgbe 700 ℃ gasịrị.
Mgbe a na-asacha ihe na-agba ọkụ Ti Cu ozugbo, ụdị ihe na-agba ọkụ nwere ike ịbụ Cu foil tinyere Ti ntụ ntụ ma ọ bụ akụkụ Cu tinyere Ti foil, ma ọ bụ a ga-eji Ti ntụ ntụ tinyere Cu foil kpuchie elu seramiiki ahụ. Tupu a na-asacha ihe, a ga-asacha akụkụ ígwè niile site na vacuum. Okpomọkụ degassing nke ọla kọpa na-enweghị oxygen ga-adị 750 ~ 800 ℃, a ga-asachakwa Ti, Nb, Ta, wdg na 900 ℃ maka nkeji 15. N'oge a, ogo vacuum agaghị adị obere karịa 6.7 × 10-3Pa. N'oge a na-asacha ihe, kpọkọta ihe ndị a ga-asacha na ihe nkwụnye ahụ, kpoo ha ọkụ na vacuum ruo 900 ~ 1120 ℃, oge njide bụ nkeji 2 ~ 5. N'oge usoro brazing dum, ogo vacuum agaghị adị obere karịa 6.7 × 10-3Pa.
Usoro brazing nke usoro Ti Ni yiri nke usoro Ti Cu, na brazing okpomọkụ bụ 900 ± 10 ℃.
(3) Usoro brazing Oxide Usoro brazing oxide bụ ụzọ isi nweta njikọ a pụrụ ịdabere na ya site na iji usoro iko nke agbaze nke ihe na-agbaze oxide mepụtara iji banye n'ime seramiiki ma mee ka elu ígwè ahụ dị mmiri mmiri. Ọ nwere ike ijikọ seramiiki na seramiiki na seramiiki na ọla. A na-ejikarị Al2O3, Cao, Bao na MgO mejupụtara ọla ndị na-agbaze oxide. Site na ịgbakwunye B2O3, Y2O3 na ta2o3, enwere ike nweta ọla ndị na-agbaze brazing nwere ọtụtụ ebe agbaze na ihe ndị na-agbasa linear. Na mgbakwunye, enwere ike iji ọla ndị na-agbaze fluoride na CaF2 na NaF dịka ihe ndị bụ isi jikọọ seramiiki na ọla iji nweta nkwonkwo nwere ike dị elu na iguzogide okpomọkụ dị elu.
Oge ozi: Jun-13-2022